Background: An irreversible renal function impairment is called chronic renal\nfailure (CRF) which finally leads to the ââ?¬Å?end-stage renal diseaseââ?¬Â (ESRD)\nand requires renal replacement therapies. The aim of this study is to evaluate\nthe incidence, prevalence of epidemiological indicators (age, sex), and causes\nof chronic renal failure in children in Mashhad (one of the big cities of Iran).\nMethods: This is a cross-sectional study that was conducted on patientsââ?¬â?¢\nrecords over a seven-year period (2008-2014) in Doctor Sheikh Childrenââ?¬â?¢s\nHospital of Mashhad. The inclusion criteria were all children under 20 years\nold diagnosed with ESRD, with a GFR less than 15 ml/min/1.73 m2 who were\nreferred to the hospital during the study period. Patientsââ?¬â?¢ information, such as\nage, gender, onset of dialysis, causes of constructing renal failure, and positive\nor negative antigen of hepatitis B was extracted from their records. Data were\nanalyzed using SPSS 16 software. Results: A total of 326 patients were studied,\nof which, 56.4% were male. 45.1% were from 7 to 18 years. 56.4% of patients\nwere on hemodialysis and others were on peritoneal dialysis. The most common\ncause of chronic renal failure in the study was respectively reflux nephropathy\n(32.9%), nephrotic syndrome (8.9%), neurogenic bladder (5.5%),\nstones (2.5%), glomerulopathy (2.1%) and cystinosis (1.5%) and (20.9%) had\nunknown cause. During the 7-year period of study considering the treatment\noutcomes, 69.3% of patients needed to continue the dialysis; 10.4% underwent\ntransplantation; 10.4% unfortunately died despite of treatment and 1.5% were\ncured. Conclusions: It is hoped that considering the clinical symptoms of children with chronic renal failure and the diagnosis of the cause, we can reduce\ncomplications of the disease with a quick diagnosis and treatment, as\nwell as appropriate follow-up.
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